《曲洧旧闻》与《东轩笔录》的内容与影响对比

　　摘  要：　《曲洧旧闻》与《东轩笔录》都是北宋时期的文人笔记, 所记事件雷同, 然内容却无一丝相和。通过对两书材料来源、内容、对后世影响三方面比较研究, 可以了解到两书的不同。朱弁的《曲洧旧闻》内容广博, 言语朴实, 多记前贤言行;《东轩笔录》作者魏泰描写深入, 笔锋犀利, 更注重对社会黑暗的揭露。同为宋代文献, 都具有很高的史料价值, 但前者获得文人称赞, 后者却不为后人尤其是宋人的认同。在进一步探究社会变迁、政治环境、生平经历后, 可知作者的政治立场在后人评价标准中的重要作用。

　　关键词：　《曲洧旧闻》; 《东轩笔录》; 比较; 评价;

　　Abstract：　“Old Stories in Qvwei ”and “Dongxuan Notes”are notes written by the scholars in the North Song period where although the events are the same the contents of stories are different. By comparing the source, content, and their later influence, the difference of the two books are discovered. Zhu Bian's “Old Stories in Qvwei”has a rich content written with plain language in which the stories are all about the saints' words and acts.Wei Tai's “Dongxuan Notes”reveals the dark side of the society with sharp words and descriptions. Although they are both of high historical value the former is generally worshiped by scholars while the latter is not agreed especially among the Song scholars. A further study on social change, political environment, and the writer's life, it can be seen that the writer's political stance plays an important role for the development of evaluation standard.

　　Keyword：　“Old Stories in Qvwei”; “Dongxuan Notes”; comparison; evaluation;

　　一、两书资料来源及流传情况比较

　　朱弁字少章, 徽州婺源人。朱熹为做《奉使直秘阁朱公行状》以记其行, 而《宋史》也大部采用行状而成《朱弁传》。他少年入京, 得到当时着名文人晁说之的赞赏, 并收其为弟子, 随老师居住在洧水边, 北宋年间未曾为官。因老师的缘故与当时的元佑派文人多有交际, 交游过程中了解到北宋年间人物轶事, 为《曲洧旧闻》的撰写打下基础。北宋灭亡后, 感愤莫名, 在无人敢应招为使臣的情况下, 毅然自荐出使金地, 并为金人所囚。而在金国也坚守臣节, 不愿仕金, 且收集抗金义士的事迹。宋金和议后, 被放归南宋, 却为秦桧所不容, 郁郁而终。

　　魏泰《宋史》无传, 事迹散见于他人传记与作品中, 字道辅, 襄阳邓城县人, 其姐嫁改革派人物曾布, 本人与王安石兄弟亲善, 与黄庭坚、黄大临、徐禧、章